2013年8月27日星期二

Anti-static clothing Precautions for daily use

Antistatic overalls is a special labor protection supplies protective clothing, all in normal circumstances, an explosive gas mixture continuously, frequently appear short or long existing sites and explosive gas mixtures are possible places, combustible minimum ignition energy 0.25mj below, should wear anti-static clothing. While daily use should pay attention to the following points: 1, wear off in explosive areas prohibit antistatic fabric clothing; 2, anti-static clothing is prohibited to attach or wear any metal objects; 3, wearing anti-static clothing, they also should be supporting the use of anti-static shoes, but should also be a conductive ground floor; 4, anti-static clothing should be kept clean and maintain anti-static properties, after use with a soft brush, a soft cloth moistened with neutral detergent wash, do not damage clothing fibers ; 5, wearing a period of time to deal with anti-static clothing can be tested, if the anti-static performance does not meet the standard requirements, you can not use as an anti-static clothing.

Protective clothing for welding protective clothing

Welding Protective Fabric clothing classification: A-level application environment: the operator head and torso partial or total exposure to welding and top-down processes related operations falling droplet splashing environment, or operating personnel in the operating position or limited space can not effectively avoid the droplet spatter and arc radiation. Use: various overhead welding position, altitude or confined space operations open arc welding, flame cutting, blast furnace workers, carbon arc gouging and other exposure to high radiant heat, molten metal splashes, flames occasions. Class B environments: the operator body parts exposed to the process of welding and related operations generate droplet spatter and arc radiation environment. Using the occasion: A level required operating positions and the environment outside the open arc welding (except for automatic welding), flame cutting, carbon arc gouging and so on. C-level applications: welding or cutting process there is little or no flame or arc radiation, metal droplet splashing very little. Using the occasion: A, B grade specified in various welding and related work practices.

2013年8月23日星期五

Basic introduction to fabric

Apparel made with fabric, fabric material is used to make clothing. As one of the three elements of clothing, fabric can not only interpret clothing style and features, but also directly about the clothing color, the shape of the performance results.
World in the clothing, the clothing fabrics varied, with each passing day. Generally speaking, however, high-quality, high-grade fabrics, mostly have comfortable, absorbent, breathable, keeps hanging, visual elegance, soft touch, and several other aspects of the characteristics.
Modern production in the formal social occasions wearing the clothing, more choice of high-quality blended fabrics. And cotton, wool, pure silk, hemp and other natural fabrics because it had easy to fold, easy to deform and other natural fabrics shortcomings, has become a general fabrics, less as a high-end clothing materials. Blended fabrics have a natural absorbent, protective suits, soft and comfortable characteristics, but also absorbed the strong durable synthetic fabric, hanging crisp, shiny bright colors, etc., every year a large number of high-quality blended fabrics have been developed. Sometimes, wearing clothing made of pure leather, is also permitted.
Fabric
General fabric into two series:
Woven Fabric: mainly used for clothing coat and shirt.
Knitted Fabric: mainly used for clothing underwear and sports clothing line, but due to the development of technology, but also to the heavy knitted fabrics, crisp development, gradually make the externalization of knitted underwear, knitted fabrics woven practices become coat supplement.

Woven fabrics

Weaving the yarn through the loom is organized into sets of strings each reel and a fabric process. This is also the knitted garments and woven garments fundamental difference.
Weaving method can be divided into two major categories of warp and weft, as safety shirts fabrics are mostly weft knitted fabric. Is one or more weft yarns fed by a weft knitting machine needle work, so that the yarn sequentially bent into a circle, and the sets of strings to be formed by weft knitted fabric. Such knitted fabric for weaving machines called weft knitting machine. The kind of weft yarn linear density and a greater flexibility, the production of the knitted fabric is very wide variety. A wide variety of weft knitted fabric, woven into a variety of organizations both within the coat with fabric, can be woven into a single piece of molding and forming part of the products, processes and machine weft of relatively simple structure, easy to operate, the machine productivity is relatively high, therefore, weft knitting industry in a larger proportion. Many types of weft knitting machine, generally to the number of needle bed, needles and needle bed forms and categories to distinguish. Warp consists of a group or several groups, respectively, are arranged parallel to the yarn on the knitting needles, while woven longitudinally. Such knitted fabric for weaving machines called warp knitting machine. General warp knit decoherence and extensibility than weft knitted fabric is small, its structure and shape stability, its use is also wider, with the exception of fabric used to produce clothing, but also produce mosquito nets, curtains, lace decorative fabrics, medical fabrics, etc., can also warp knitting machine with a needle bed knitting needles needle to make that distinction.

2013年8月22日星期四

Safety protective equipment selection and use errors

Wear suitable protective equipment is to protect the safety and health of workers' lives and the last line of defense, the correct selection of the appropriate level of protective equipment can effectively prevent occupational poisoning and occupational diseases. The correct selection of labor protection products is to ensure workers' safety and health of the premise. Labor protective equipment used should adhere to the following principles:

    First, according to the national standard labor protection products selected

    National standards, "labor protective equipment selection rules" (GB11651-89) and national labor protection products with standards and regulations for the selection of labor protection products provide legal technical basis.

    Second, according to the relevant provisions of labor protection products to buy

     To ensure the quality of labor protection products, our special labor protection supplies of production under the production license, identification card and product safety certification and safety signs three-card system. Production of special labor protection supplies business, but also in accordance with the product on the basis of standard products for self, and issue product certification. Special labor protection supplies should be accepted in the factory where labor protection products quality supervision and inspection agencies sampling, inspection agency assigned by lot security identification card. And by special labor protection supplies safety signs management institutions, strictly examine and issue safety signs. At present, China has a helmet, gas mask filter mask, gas mask filter canisters, safety belts, welding mask, welding goggles, antistatic fabric conductive safety shoes, dust masks, protective toe safety shoes (boots), resistance burning protective clothing, safety nets, anti-shock eye goggles, safety boots rubber surface anti-smashing, anti-acid clothes, anti-static clothing, shoes, acid and alkali, anti-puncture shoes, insulation shoes, rubber shoes and other 19 kinds of low voltage insulated special labor protection Goods must be issued production license to produce and must be attached to a product "safe identification card." This is 19 kinds of optional protective equipment should see if there are "three cards" a sign, if not it is illegal products.

     Third, using the principles of deadlines and scrap

     Labor protection products to the workplace environment with the period of use, frequency of use of labor protection supplies, labor protection products, and many other factors inherent nature. According to the actual situation in some areas developed mandatory: If Shandong Province based on the operating environment, use of helmets for industrial enterprises is defined as the period of use: Metallurgical rolling mill slab job 36 months; cold job 48 months; coal operations, civil job 24 months; Geological pits jobs fitters, drillers, sampling work for 12 months.

    In general, life should consider the following three principles:

     1, corrosion

     Depending on the operation of the labor protective equipment worn operations can be divided into heavy corrosion, corrosion of corrosion and light jobs jobs. Corrosion reflect the operating environment and the types of usage.

     2, wear and tear

     According to the degree of protection reduces wear and tear can be divided into susceptible, medium and mandatory retirement by the loss. Care products by the loss of protective performance reflected the situation.

     3, durable performance

     According to the life cycle can be divided into durable, durable and non-durable medium. Durable performance reflects the material conditions of labor protection products, such as using high-temperature flame-retardant fabric made of flame-retardant protective clothing, fire retardant treated than fabric flame retardant protective clothing and durable. Durable performance reflects the comprehensive quality protective equipment.

Special protective equipment commonly used principles of life and scrap

A commonly used special protective equipment useful life

1, seat belt use period

Seatbelt use two years later, the situation should be sampling bulk purchaser once. If qualified, the batch can continue to use seat belts. For pumping tried transect, safety rope must be replaced before further use. Frequently used rope, should always do visual inspection, abnormal, should be immediately replaced with a new rope. The use of a string of 3 to 5 years.

2, anti-static and antistatic fabric shoes Precautions

(1) GB12014-89 "anti-static overalls" provides that: wear anti-static clothing must be specified with GB4385 matching wearing anti-static shoes.

(2) due to multiple washing, anti-static overalls antistatic properties will be reduced, so that the ambient temperature is high, labor-intensive, the number of frequent washing of enterprises to develop an appropriate period of use should be shorter.

(3) anti-static shoes wearing course, generally not more than 200 hours resistance test should be carried out once, such as failure, can not continue to use.

3, the electrical insulation shoes, period of use insulated gloves Precautions

Electrically insulating footwear include: electrical insulation shoes, canvas shoes, rubber surface shoes, plastic shoes four categories. According to the labor intensity of each unit, operating in different environments, develop a reasonable period of use. But note here the following: First, storage, from the factory more than 18 months, shall be carried out only by the electrical properties of preventive inspection; second is where the end to help the Department of corrosion damage, can no longer be electrically insulated shoes wear; three is to use at least every six months once electrical performance tests, such as failure can not continue to use. Insulated gloves period of use, the units can be made according to how frequently required, but must be requested prior to each use self-blowing, at least once every six months electrical performance tests, such as failure can not continue to use.

4, with hearing protectors Precautions

Hearing protectors including anti-noise earplugs, earmuffs anti-noise, anti-noise helmet. In general, anti-noise, anti-noise helmets best, not only noise deadening air conduction, bone conduction can reduce noise on the ear injury, should be used in high noise environments, earmuffs, followed by anti-noise performance, and the worst anti-noise earplugs in 1000 ~ 2000Hz band generally sound attenuation value of only 10 ~ 20dB.

2013年8月10日星期六

Fire retardant clothing and routine repair and maintenance methods

A new flame resistant overalls needed before the first use to wash once.
2, and the washing temperature should be controlled at 60 º C or less, do not use boiling water. In guaranteed under the premise of clean, try to use a relatively low temperature, shrinkage control clothing to prevent fire retardant overalls shrink.
3, in the wash when you wish to use the fire-retardant overalls supermarket sales of household synthetic detergent, bio-synthetic detergent, PH value is preferably neutral. Avoid using strong oxidizing agents such as bleaching powder, sodium hypochlorite bleach products, avoid using fabric softener, these chemicals may diminish clothes flame retardant properties.
4, avoid the use of soap and soap powder.
Another point to note, after completing the washing retardant overalls to avoid direct sun exposure, may take the natural drying or machine drying, and drying temperature must be 70 ° C or less, when the clothes were still a little wet or dry immediately removed the clothes from the dryer to avoid excessive contraction of clothes. If you need ironing, the clothes still a little humid circumstances ironing as well. Cotton flame retardant overalls we can use dry cleaning, general commercial dry cleaners will not affect its flame retardant properties.

Retardant fabric has those features

Flame retardant fabric is the main features, but these features there is a limit in nature.
1 can use a variety of fabrics flame retardant treatment, flame retardant function and thus also closely related to physical and chemical properties of materials, although the use of different materials in the same fabric flame retardant, the flame retardant effect is also different and requires attention.
2 flame retardant does not mean burn, just extend the ignition time, such as the ignition point of the material reached after 20-30 seconds before the fire extended to fight off the ignition of clothing of the time, reduce the degree burns.
3 from the fire goes out, you need to look at the fire temperature and the air (oxygen), and in such a high-temperature environment, the length of time. Flame retardant effect exceeds its limit or could play a role in time, flame effect disappeared, no different from ordinary fabrics.
4 retardant, a flame retardant in a high temperature environment than design time or temperature, such performance is equally valid.
5 is not continued burning, need to look at the fire conditions and environment, if an adequate supply of oxygen to the fire, sweltering too high, continued burning the possibility still exists.
This is the civilian / commercial flame retardant conditions, special purpose such as: Fireman / Fire Equipment / Military equipment / Special Industrial equipped, etc., from the fabric material / Flammability class several levels higher than the civilian.
After a fire-retardant treatment of civilian fabrics, other functional fabrics with the same general.

2013年8月6日星期二

Anti-static fabric processing methods

Antistatic fabric processing methods usually about several:
First, antistatic finishing agent for fabric finishing;
Second, in order to improve the fabric for the purpose of moisture grafted fibers, hydrophilic fibers blended and interwoven;
Third, blended or woven conductive fibers embedded; former mechanism of action are two types of methods to improve the fabric moisture regain, reducing insulation, accelerate static leakage.
So if in a dry environment or after repeated washing, processing effect or not durable or not significant, usually in ordinary clothing with fabric applications. The third method is only sustainable and efficient solution to the problem of static electricity textiles, it is widely used in the production of antistatic clothing. Antistatic finishing agent for fabric finishing. The antistatic fabric types and include: Antistatic silk (conductive silk) and antistatic clean fabric, anti-static TR fabric, CVC anti-static fabrics, cotton antistatic fabric) and so on.

Characteristic analysis of anti-static fabric

Textile materials, especially low hygroscopic polyester, acrylic, polyvinyl chloride and other synthetic fibers, specific resistance is generally high. Accordingly, in the textile process, the fibers with fibers or close contact with the parts and friction between the results of static electricity, resulting sliver hairy, increase in yarn hairiness, poor roll forming, fiber wrapped stick parts, yarn breaking head increases, as well as in the fabric surface to form dispersion of the shadow and so on.

Clothing charged, a large dust absorption, easy to stain, and clothing and the human body, clothing and apparel accompanying phenomenon also occurs wrapped or spark. Therefore, electrostatic interference, affecting the smooth processing, affect product quality and performance of fabric and so on. Static phenomenon is serious, static voltage up to several thousand volts, due to discharge sparks, causing a fire, resulting in serious consequences. Anti-static fabric is processed through antistatic fabric anti-static fabric at a temperature of 20 ± 5 ℃, humidity 30 to 40% of the environment, washed 100 times, fabric surface charge density averages ≤ 7.0μc/m2. Antistatic light silk fabric dyeing requirement is not sanded. Please try to control the oxygen bleaching agent at doses of 80%.

The process of antistatic fabric is usually about several: First, antistatic finishing agent for textile finishing; Second, in order to improve the fabric for the purpose of moisture grafted fibers, hydrophilic fibers blended and interwoven ; Third, blended or woven conductive fibers embedded; former mechanism of action are two types of methods to improve the fabric moisture regain, reducing insulation, accelerate static leakage. So if in a dry environment or after repeated washing, processing effect or not durable or not significant, usually in ordinary clothing with fabric applications. The third method is only sustainable and efficient solution to the problem of static electricity textiles, it is widely used in the production of anti-static clothing. Antistatic finishing agent for fabric finishing. The anti-static fabric types and include: Antistatic silk (conductive silk) and anti-static clean fabric, anti-static tc fabric, anti-static tr fabric, anti-static cvc fabric, anti-static cotton fabrics.

It is worth mentioning that the organic conductive fibers in the anti-static clothing fabrics and textiles ordinary civilian static elimination play an effective role, but compared with conventional textiles, textiles with conductive fiber static performance test, the validity and importance of Methods deteriorated significantly. Choose a reasonable test methods, the correct evaluation of static fabric with conductive fiber performance, in-depth study of organic conductive fiber processing technology, with conductive fiber textile production process, guiding the rational application of such textiles necessary basic work. We analyze our current standard test methods associated with conductive fiber textile antistatic performance test adaptability.

Anti-static clothing made of fabric to use more stainless steel fibers, Asia conductive fiber, anti-static synthetic and blended or mixed fabric, can automatically discharge corona discharge or leakage, clothing and body can eliminate charged, while for anti-static hats, socks, shoes. Among them, the anti-static overalls to prevent accumulation of static clothing, anti-static fabric for the fabric and sewing clothes. The antistatic fabric can prevent the clothes of static electricity accumulation in the textile, the substantially uniformly mixed intervals or conductive fibers of the fabric.