Flame retardant fabric color difference

1. The dyeing products from different shades of colour and lustre, color has a difference.

Color: (1) the same batch of flame retardant fabric with batch of products. A color number between product box and the box, and parts, between package and package, there is flame retardant fabric color difference between horse and horse.

(2) and the flame retardant fabric color difference: the horse and horse before and after the product of the fact in flame retardant fabric color or have flame retardant fabric color or both the flame retardant fabric color difference. Flame retardant fabric color is one of the common fault and multiple fault dyeing factory, seriously affect the dyeing quality of the finished product.

2. The reason

Fiber of of all kinds of fabric, dyed with different kinds of dyes and process equipment, and have different requirements and characteristics of the dyeing processing, and the causes of fault and the performance is different. Flame retardant fabric color difference on the appearance of performance varied, but investigate its reason, mainly has the following kinds.

(1) : the uneven distribution of dye on the fabric with the first before dye fixation, if uneven distribution in each part of the fabric, after fixation will generate flame retardant fabric color difference. The main cause of this phenomenon is:

1.. Fabric: due to the different fiber performance or pretreatment, boiling, bleaching, silk back not divide evenly, make dye permeability caused by uneven tire before the dye absorption degree of difference.

2.. Suction fluid factors: because of mechanical structure or improper operation, make each part of the fabric with liquid rate, resulting in flame retardant fabric color difference. Roll pressure not divide evenly, add dyestuff is not well and can make fabric absorb dye unevenness.

3.. Preliminary drying factors: a preliminary drying after the pad dyeing liquid, due to the drying rate and degree of inconsistency, cause varying degrees of dye migration, the dyes on the fabric distribution is uneven.

(2) the degree of the dye fixation on the fabric is different: although the dye on the fabric with the first distribution is uniform, but in the process of fixation. Such as the improper control of conditions (such as temperature, time, concentration of dyestuff, etc.), make certain parts of the dyes on the fabric has not been fully solid color, has been removed. In the post-processing soaping to produce flame retardant fabric color difference. Disperse dye, for example, thermosol temperature on both sides or inconsistent, VAT dye partial oxidation reduction or inadequate, such as reactive dyes adverse steaming conditions can cause the fabric before and after around or have a flame retardant fabric color difference.

(3) dye color change: the difference is not caused by uneven distribution of dyes on the fabric. But for some reason cause part of dye on the fabric color change, generally has the following several reasons:

1.. Before dyeing factors: whiteness of semi-product uneven or pH have bigger difference, often cause color difference after dyeing.

2.. Dyeing factors: such as disperse dye thermosol temperature is too high, make some dye color shade walls of dark; The excessive reduction of VAT dye, also can make color difference.

3.. After dyeing factors: after finishing process. High temperature, such as resin finishing, stentering and different PH value on fabric, colored light have different degree of change will cause dye.

Uv protection fabric

In recent years, due to containing halogen compounds such as freon a large amount of emissions, stranded over the earth, is broken down by ultraviolet (uv) formation of active chlorine and ozone chain chemical reactions occur, ruined the ozone in the air is hollow, the ultraviolet radiation to the ground, ultraviolet rays will cause harm to people's skin. According to scientists, predicts that by 2050 the stratosphere ozone would be reduced about 20%, then uv will bring greater harm to human health. As a result, people have developed which has the function of u.v fabric and textiles.

The principle of textile ultraviolet resistance

uv protection fabric, the mechanism has two kinds: absorption and reflection. Ultraviolet screening agent have accordingly absorption agent and reflection agent (or scattering jing) two kinds. Absorption agent and reflection agent can be used alone, also can be a mixture of both.

Uv reflection agent mainly using the reflection and scattering effect of inorganic particles, can have the effect of uv light through. Uv absorber mainly use organic material to absorb ultraviolet light, and energy transformation, in the form of heat or harmless low radiation will release or consume energy. Uv protection textiles with appropriate method processing, whatever the fiber material, can achieve good uv protection effect, and the thickness of the fabric, color and so on factors affect the performance of uv is no longer important.

Flame retardants commonly used in the classification

A wide variety of flame retardants , classification methods also have a variety . Retardant elements according contained classified into halogen-containing flame retardants, phosphorus-containing flame retardants, nitrogen-containing flame retardants ; according to the use of flame retardants and polymers in the presence of form, divided into additive and response type ; press were divided into non- durable flame retardant fabric flame retardant durable , semi-durable flame retardant , durable flame retardant three kinds ; according to types of compounds can be divided into organic and inorganic flame retardant agent. The following describes the method of classification according to the latter two flame retardants .

Press the durability of the fabric classification

( 1 ) Non- durable flame retardant : flame retardant , also known as temporary , most of the water-soluble ( or emulsion ) inorganic salts. When the first water-soluble flame retardant treatment , drying the impregnated fabric can be used ; also has two bath padding , and the second bath with ammonia or soda , the oxide is deposited on the fabric. This method is simple , cheap, but fabric feel poor, flame-retardant effect after washing fall significantly. Is used in disposable protective clothing .

( 2 ) semi-durable flame retardant : flame retardant fabric manufacturers use this process retardant textile processing capability of 1 to 10 times a mild detergent , but not high temperature soaping . The method has urea phosphate method ( usually called Banflam France ) , urinary phosphate ester method , ammonium a hydroxymethyl ammonium cyanide - A vinegar solution method .

( 3 ) durable flame retardant : inside the fiber by chemical polymerization or condensation reaction of the surface , to form a water-insoluble polymer , generally require more than 30 times washing level . The law mainly Ciba (CP) method and the Proban France . CP France by the Swiss company Ciba creation process is easy to implement the Act , flame-retardant effect is remarkable ; drawback is the larger fabric strength loss , a greater impact on performance apparel . Proban France Aube Lai Yiwei Wilson Limited by British creation, the Act of fabric finishing , flame-retardant effect is good , especially the treated fabric texture and strength retention is unmatched by any other finishing method , but this method is compared with the risk big , serious environmental pollution , thus promoting restricted.

Anti-static fabric garment production practices

Avoid clothing fabric is antistatic fabric static friction in some explosive situations are very dangerous , some of the work environment does not allow static interference , and therefore not allowed to wear clothing with the activities of the human body harmful static electricity. Used in electronics , aviation, aerospace, petroleum, coal and other industries of protective clothing and textile goods, must have good capabilities to eliminate static electricity . Market in recent years on the development of anti-static fabric and functional textile products , mainly in the fabric insert appropriate intervals conductive metal filaments in the spinning process or adding a certain percentage of the metal staple fibers , the use of metal is a good electrical conductor to conduction and eliminate static electricity.
Embedded in the fabric of conductive metal filament process is relatively simple way , but the use of this process to produce an antistatic polyester fabric cards , often due to cling to the outside of the metal filaments of the yarn of the fabric exposed surface unevenness , and the metal filaments are is not complete with fabric dyeing and coloring , so it seriously affects the fabric dyeing and finishing effects, caused by cotton fabric and anti-static and anti-static polyester card CVC anti-static fabric color flower uneven dyeing and finishing process is difficult overcome defects . In comparison, the spinning process at a certain mixing ratio man metal staple fibers , in certain conditions , it is possible to sufficiently uniformly mixed with the ordinary fibers , to achieve the same color . Weaving and spinning with the process that is able to maintain long-term anti-static function , but also a good solution after dyeing and finishing processes appear uneven dyeing color flower problem .

The role of anti-UV fabric knowledge testing standards

Prevent ultraviolet radiation on the human body injury, has been more and more consumers attention. Solar spectrum in the ultraviolet only make textiles fade and brittle, but also allows the body sunburn aging, produce melanin and pigmentation, but also induced more severe cancer, harm to human health.

 Ultraviolet radiation on the human body has drawn increasing attention around the world, Australia and other countries explicitly require students to have sun protection clothing, etc., China has also developed a textile fabric UV standards.

Clariant UV inhibitors to improve the light-colored old textiles, strength, and enhance the textile UV shielding performance, human safety non-toxic, non-irritating to skin allergic reaction, resistance to washing. Especially UV-A, UV-B has good absorption and emission effects, shielding and strong, more than 95% UV excess ultraviolet radiation causes the body to produce skin burns and even skin cancer induced skin diseases, but also to promote cataract formation and reduce the body's immune function.

1) Therefore, in order to protect human avoid excessive ultraviolet radiation, while textiles UV fabric finishing, Clariant anti-UV agents for textile finishing processing to obtain a good anti-ultraviolet UV effects;

2) The anti-UV fabric finishing non-toxic, safe to human body, the skin without stimulation, no allergic reactions, does not affect the fabric color, strength and wet suction vapor permeability;

3) polyester and nylon fabric uv resistant shirts: peach skin Pongee Satin, etc.; surface UV umbrella cloth are: Disi Pongee five satin;

4) anti-UV fabric products, based on customer requirements can be up UPF50 +, UV shielding up to 99% of the human body to form an excellent UV protection, reliable quality, credit guarantee;

5) UV fabric Standard: AS/NZS4399: 1996, UPF good range Protection class 15-24 ,25-39 ,40-50 very good, 50 + excellent;

Nylon and polyester fabrics to make clothes which UV effect

From the material point of view, than polyester nylon is good , because in the moisture absorption , and is significantly better than nylon polyester
2 From the touch of the skin , it is also a good nylon and more supple.
3 from the point of ultraviolet ray resistance , which is independent of the materials , and added in its yarns made ​​of titanium dioxide or it will affect the degree of light extinction , which is the UV resistance of this material will be affected
4 But even more critical is the thickness of Protective Fabric and color , thicker and darker fabric UV protection ability.
5 , but the fabric finishing technology will affect the ability of anti-purple lines from existing technology , the skin and clothing can probably be done about resistance UPF30 +

Blocking fuel surface features is how to achieve

Nowadays , all kinds of functional fabrics applications become more frequent , especially in fire-retardant fabric is the best choice for many manufacturers overalls . Especially those working environment is more severe , more need to make effective security protection work. Especially when the fire broke out , if dressed in protective clothing, Fire resistant fabric , then you can effectively protect skin burns, give yourself a more personal protection , you can better help themselves escape from the fire scene . So, in the end is how the fabric to achieve the necessary heat barrier it ?

1 Clothing accessories material selection

Protective clothing as the main component , related accessories carefully selected choice of material is required , including buttons, zippers , etc. that can not easily deformed , and the best selection of strong heat-resistant material type.

Two metal parts and needs to be avoided physical contact

Designed for Protective Fabric clothing in the time , we must note that is above the metal parts and the body must not be in direct contact with, or occurring in the actual situation can easily lead to unexpected appears.

3 main ingredients in flame-retardant materials

Related to the choice of ingredients should be cause enough caution , you must be fire-retardant materials as feedstock type , the corresponding indicator measures should also be strict requirements, such as reflective tape inverse reflection coefficient are required to meet the basic requirements

Introduction of view, the role of the fabric is worthy of recognition , not only conducive to the normal physiological requirements, but also to meet the basic needs of wear , in size relative is very loose and will not cause any normal job obstacles . Note that the grasp of the clothing on the gap should be maintained at a reasonable scale, the intensity must not affect the garment is based .

Antistatic fabric widely used in the family

In the field of home textiles , synthetic fibers make up the shortage of natural fibers are widely used, but its poor moisture absorption , easy to accumulate static electricity, woven into textiles and easy cleaning , contamination , poor ventilation , can also cause severe electric shock , and even cause fire. So people want to have antistatic textiles , namely fabric itself can eliminate static electricity. Antistatic currently two ways: First, antistatic fabric finishing, finishing in antistatic finishing agent used in the introduction of the fiber surface hydrophilic film layer can improve the fabric moisture absorption, reduce the friction coefficient and the surface resistivity ; second conductive fiber fibers first , and then the electrically conductive fibers woven into the fabric . antistatic fabric in bedding, curtains and other textile products already have good application.

Anti-static fabric processing methods

So if in a dry environment or after repeated washing, processing effect or not durable or not significant , usually in ordinary clothing with fabric applications . The third method is only sustainable and efficient solution to the problem of static electricity textiles , it is widely used in the production of anti -static clothing. Antistatic finishing agent for fabric finishing . The antistatic fabric types and include : Antistatic silk ( conductive silk ) and anti-static clean fabric, anti-static tc fabric, anti-static tr fabric, anti-static cvc fabric, anti-static cotton fabrics.
Anti-static fabric processing methods usually about several :
First, antistatic finishing agent for fabric finishing
Second , in order to improve the fabric for the purpose of moisture grafted fibers , hydrophilic fibers blended and interwoven
    Third, blended or woven conductive fibers embedded ; former mechanism of action are two types of methods to improve the fabric moisture regain , reducing insulation, accelerate static leakage.

How to identify qualified anti-static overalls

How to identify qualified antistatic fabric overalls - qualified anti-static overalls, each product must be marked with the manufacturer's name (or factory mark), site, product names, trademarks, shape specifications, product grade, date of production; per pack shall specify the number, the product name, model number, grade, production units, date of manufacture, together with the product instructions. Product specification level should be anti-static performance grades, A or B grade.

Implementation of the special labor protection supplies safety signs, requested in the apparent position of Gasch durable special labor protection supplies safety signs.

Antistatic overalls place primarily for fire and explosion hazards. The gas explosion hazard criteria of explosive substances by frequency of occurrence, duration and degree of risk is divided into:

0 Area: Under normal circumstances, an explosive gas mixture continuously, frequently appear short or long existing sites.

1 Area: Under normal circumstances, explosive gas mixtures are possible places.

Zone 2: Under normal circumstances, explosive gas mixtures can not occur only in abnormal circumstances arise occasionally place a short time.

Of a gas explosion hazardous areas zone 0, a region, and the minimum ignition energy of combustible materials in 0.25mJ less, shall be equipped with anti-static overalls. Common minimum ignition energy 0.25mJ a combustible hydrocarbon fuel alkoxy C, acrylonitrile, diethyl ether, hydrogen, carbon disulfide, furan, benzene, methanol. In the "labor protective equipment selection rules", the requirements of Class A01 explosive workplaces must be equipped with anti-static overalls; A02 class combustible dust job, you can use anti-static overalls. Also requires gas station operator, liquefied petroleum gas cans and similar types of workers, must be equipped with anti-static overalls.

Measures to prevent the accumulation of flammable overalls

Measures to prevent the accumulation of flammable clothing, a certain way through the conductive object as soon as the combustible charge, it is dispersed or leak out. Therefore, the flame retardant fabric clothing should be selected with good conductive fiber fabrics, flame retardant fabrics currently used mainly in the following three kinds.

1 the effect of humidity using anti-flammable dependence. Finishing by an anti-flammable, which is added in the spinning hydrophilic polymer (surfactant), the fabric easy to absorb moisture from the air, reduce the sheet resistance, reducing the accumulation of flammable, combustible timely release of the body.

(2) the use of conductive fibers. The fiber material is added anti-flammable agents and carbon black particles to become conductive fibers by blending, and cross, cross knitting, weaving or embedded woven methods to improve the conductivity of the fiber or fabric, flame retardant fabric generated, zgm09zd achieve charge dissipation to prevent accumulation of flammable.

3 in the amount of fibers mixed metal fiber blended fabric, the kind of fabric, good stability, resistance to washing.

Special labor protection supplies are included in the directory of the "flame-retardant overalls," is to prevent the accumulation of flammable overalls, flame retardant fabric for the fabric while sewing, suitable for wearing a fire or explosion hazard. Retardant fabric used mainly in the textile production process, the substantially homogeneously mixed with other interval or the whole or parts of metal or a conductive organic material or a flame retardant synthetic fibers, or a mixture interwoven . Classification
Any use as overalls, fire and explosion hazards in the workplace wearing clean overalls, flame retardant overalls, fire retardant cardigans, are included in the scope of management safety signs.

Retardant overalls technical requirements including structural, flame retardant, high strength three aspects.
Overalls production structure directly affect the flame retardant effect, therefore, the structural design of fire-retardant overalls must ensure that:

1. Overalls generally not use metal attachments, you must use metal buttons, zippers, should strictly ensure that when wearing metal accessories are not directly exposed to avoid discharge sparks, fire, explosion.

2. Overalls should all use Flame retardant fabric, do not use lining. You must use the lining (pocket, reinforced cloth, etc.), the exposed area should be less than full lining retardant clothing exposed area within less than 20%; winter clothes or other special requirements for flame-retardant clothing, lining exposed within the area over all retardant clothing exposed area of ??20%, should be made of the mask with detachable lining.

Qualified retardant overalls, each product must be marked with manufacturer's name (or factory mark), site, product names, trademarks, shape specifications, product grade, date of production; Each package shall specify the number, the product name, number type, grade, production units, date of manufacture, together with the product instructions. The product specification shall be flame retardant grade level, A grade or B grade. Implementation of the special labor protection supplies safety signs, requested in the apparent position of Gasch durable special labor protection supplies safety signs.

Flame retardant properties overalls have some durability, so choose retardant overalls also need to pollution in the workplace determined by washing requirements, select the appropriate level of fire-retardant overalls. Retardant overalls for fire and explosion sites, so should normally choose to have flame retardant overalls performance for workers to provide more reliable protection. Operatives and similar types of work stations using fire-retardant overalls, should also have the effect of anti-oil. Cotton clothing made of the effect of preventing flammable, but not necessarily to achieve the required fire overalls single electric charge amount is less than 0.6μC clothing requirements, especially in the washing, due to the selection of detergents and other reasons, the effect which prevents flammable will decline, therefore, the choice of cotton fabric, flame retardant overalls, particularly in the northern dry areas, we must be careful.

How to buy a real anti-static clothing

Usual Antistatic fabric , there will be black conductive wire, but there are true and false , because the high cost of anti-static cloth , some markets will use the usual polyester fabric printing black line , and then soaked in anti-static solution, the cloth has a certain period of time antistatic effect.
About a lot of procurement , the procurement of high quality anti-static clothing , is a vexing problem . First, I do not know how to detect its anti-static clothing , the second is to pick up a anti-static clothing , in the acquisition of the division of qualified, but with some time, only to find that their products do not have the anti-static function, and normally there is no difference of goods . Take anti-static work clothes , in the time of purchase , point to point resistance measurement device to reach the national standard, however , clothes washing several times in the future , its point resistance measurement , it was found , is now inconsistent with national anti-static service testing specifications. The main problem is that, in the purchase of this anti-static clothing after midnight, this fabric has anti-static clothing with antistatic agents disseminated over , so whatever point resistance tests can reach national norms.
Detailed distinction , you can wash the cloth , wash a few times , if it is false, it is not washed off antistatic liquid antistatic , if it is electrically conductive wire , the role is probably the same, detailed parameters are usually is the appearance of resistance 10 ^ 6 - 10 ^ 9 ohms.
So when in the acquisition of goods , reminds us that the quality of goods is vital, not only to offer goods cheaper Fig . Quotations are not crucial , the key lies in the quality of goods is not reached to prevent static.

Anti-static clothing fabric commonly used in anti-static cloth several special

Antistatic fabric clothing in several commonly used anti-static cloth fabric
Many types of anti-static fabric , summed up in roughly three types:
The first one is the fabric used for the resin antistatic agent tidy , through baptism , drying and melting the surface adhering to the synthetic fiber fabric , the fabric has some antistatic effect . This method is now used only for civilian clothing to beat clothes discharge , pollution, dust and other static representation suck .
The second is in the polyester polymer is added internally or damask antistatic agents , surfactants such as sulfonate or the introduction of a third monomer to obtain a durable antistatic fiber . Since most of the added base case antistatic agent can react to a surfactant decomposition , thus washing the fabric tidy or alkaline scrubbing agent is hanged , prevent the impact of the antistatic effect , so that the fiber suitable for production of clean clothes , sterile clothes , can also be used for civilian garments.
The third method is usually mixed with conductive fiber fabric , such as anti-static fabric not address the environmental impact , is now widely accepted and recognized under this anti-static fabric antistatic function and the type of conductive fibers and conductive component distribution in the fiber can be divided into conductive components are together , cover the conductive components , conductive or conductive component of complex and hybrid type of four . If you select cover type conductive fibers , particularly coating method is up penetration , because of its conductive components in the fiber surface , than simple drop, thus affecting the anti-static function .
In all conductive fibers , in addition to stainless steel fibers , the other can be directly used for fabric monofilament or multifilament . Stainless steel fiber has excellent electrical conductivity , thermal conductivity , abrasion resistance and other characteristics of electromagnetic waves can be reflected . In the petrochemical , electronics, electricity and military and other work has been widely used , but the stainless steel fibers in the textile equipment processing more messy , by the impact. Rich in carbon, graphite, and other conductive component composite conductive fiber filament can be directly used for weaving , the warp yarns across a medium distance (eg about 1.5cm ) embedded in a conductive yarn , excellent antistatic effect can be obtained , was used for weaving cloth, the best anti-static conductive fibers.

Retardant fabric has those features

Speaking flame retardant fabric, flame retardant fabric is we all know that is put away from the fire, retardant, non-renewal of burning cloth, then flame-retardant cloth which features it?
    1 can use a variety of fabrics flame retardant treatment, flame retardant function and thus also closely related to physical and chemical properties of materials, although the use of different materials in the same fabric flame retardant, the flame retardant effect is also different and requires attention.
2 flame retardant does not mean burn, just extend the ignition time, such as the ignition point of the material reached after 20-30 seconds before the fire extended to fight off the ignition of clothing of the time, reduce the degree burns.
3 from the fire goes out, you need to look at the fire temperature and the air (oxygen), and in such a high-temperature environment, the length of time. Flame retardant effect exceeds its limit or could play a role in time, flame effect disappeared, no different from ordinary fabrics.
4 retardant, a flame retardant in a high temperature environment than design time or temperature, such performance is equally valid.
5 is not continued burning, need to look at the fire conditions and environment, if an adequate supply of oxygen to the fire, sweltering too high, continued burning the possibility still exists.
This is the civilian / commercial flame retardant conditions, special purpose such as: Fireman / Fire Equipment / Military equipment / Special Industrial equipped, etc., from the fabric material / Flammability class several levels higher than the civilian.
After a Fire resistant fabric, other functional fabrics with the same general. Questioning synthetic fabrics can also be used to achieve flame retardant treatment effect you? Answer pairs can be extended ignition time and increase fiber melting temperature (this is very important because the chemical adhesion with the skin after the fire, rescue quite troublesome, chemical fire risk than cellulose fibers high).

Retardant overalls fabric three key indicators

I. smoldering time less than 2 seconds : the specified test conditions, when the termination of combustion with flame , or removed ( point ) after the fire continuing flameless combustion material in less than 2 seconds.

Second, the continued burning time of less than two seconds : the specified test conditions, remove the ( dot ) continued after the fire source material flame burning time of less than two seconds .

Third, the length of the combustion loss , also known as carbon long. At a specified test conditions, material damaged area in a predetermined direction is less than the maximum length 50CM.

Ie, after the Flame resistant overalls Fabric finishing by the method specified in contact with the flame a certain time , and then remove the flame , flaming combustion continued determination fabric of time and flameless combustion of the time, as well as fire-retardant overalls fabrics were damaged degree . Flaming combustion time and flameless combustion shorter the time , the lower the degree of damage , then flame retardant fabric fire retardant overalls better ; On the contrary, it means that poor flame retardant fabrics .

Retardant curtains and Its Application

Retardant curtains, refers to a series of fire-retardant fabrics made ​​of specially treated exquisitely beautiful , and the relatively high flame retardant curtains. Flame retardant curtain fabric according to adopted into a permanent flame retardant curtains and disposable curtains. Permanent flame retardant fabric curtain is the primary end use of permanent fire-retardant fabrics and modern special production process combining curtains made ​​; while disposable disposable flame retardant curtain fabric is made ​​curtains for the raw materials the . Due to cost and technical reasons, is one of the more popular before the fire curtain , and with the improvement of people's living standards and technology continues to evolve, now permanently flame retardant curtain has come out , and favored by consumers !

The use of flame retardant fabric : the use of nano-materials and technical processing after the cloth made curtains , reaching prevent burning effect, but also comes with some of the following characteristics: a . Basic functions of the existing curtain on the basis of additions and enhanced flame retardant, insulation, thermal insulation , sound absorption, sound insulation, anti-bacterial , anti-mildew , waterproof, anti-oil , anti-fouling , anti-static dust and other functions ; two . curtain fabric width from 1.5 meters to 3.1 meters , can be meet a variety of different height and width of the window size needs ; three security did not taste , green , low-carbon energy , do not wash , no maintenance , has been to keep clean , water saving, worry easy .

UV Color of fabric

Production of each dye fabric UV absorption properties of UVR varies due to structural , fabric UPF values ​​can produce different effects . In order to obtain visible color , dye must absorb visible radiation to selectively (400 ~ 800nm), all the dye carrier extends to UVR absorbing region of the spectrum (280 ~ 400nm), thus UVR absorber dye can play the role of a potential absorption harmful UVR rays. Dyes UVR spectral region sorrow less coefficient UPF fabric will determine its ability to improve .

  About dyed fabric for UPF numerous studies on the impact that the ratio of dyed fabrics dyed fabrics have a high UPF value , and with the deepening of the fabric color , fabric UV transmittance decreases , ie, u.v fabric radiation performance improvement . Polyester products made ​​in conventional tests , the same type of the color to be ultraviolet radiation transmittance of the order from small to large : black transmittance of 5% , dark blue , red, dark green , violet transmittance of 5% ~ 10% , green, pink , light green, white transmittance of 15% to 20%. As the dye color is the dye molecular structure reflection absorption characteristics of the visible spectrum , only certain absorption spectra of dye molecules and chemical fibers extending light extinction process also affect the ultraviolet radiation transmission characteristic .

  The color of the dye is determined absorption characteristics in the visible region , and the absorption characteristics of the UV region has little effect on the color .

Retardant fabric finishing technology and progress

flame retardant fabric commonly used in the classification
A wide variety of flame retardants , classification methods also have a variety . Retardant elements according contained classified into halogen-containing flame retardants, phosphorus-containing flame retardants, nitrogen-containing flame retardants ; according to the use of flame retardants and polymers in the presence of form, divided into additive and response type ; press were divided into non- durable flame retardant fabric flame retardant durable , semi-durable flame retardant , durable flame retardant three kinds ; according to types of compounds can be divided into organic and inorganic flame retardant agent. The following describes the method of classification according to the latter two flame retardants .

Press the durability of the fabric classification

( 1 ) Non- durable flame retardant : flame retardant , also known as temporary , most of the water-soluble ( or emulsion ) inorganic salts. When the first water-soluble flame retardant treatment , drying the impregnated fabric can be used ; also has two bath padding , and the second bath with ammonia or soda , the oxide is deposited on the fabric. This method is simple , cheap, but fabric feel poor, flame-retardant effect after washing fall significantly. Is used in disposable protective clothing .

( 2 ) semi-durable flame retardant : fireproof fabric manufacturers use this process retardant textile processing capability of 1 to 10 times a mild detergent , but not high temperature soaping . The method has urea phosphate method ( usually called Banflam France ) , urinary phosphate ester method , ammonium a hydroxymethyl ammonium cyanide - A vinegar solution method .

( 3 ) durable flame retardant : inside the fiber by chemical polymerization or condensation reaction of the surface , to form a water-insoluble polymer , generally require more than 30 times washing level . The law mainly Ciba (CP) method and the Proban France . CP France by the Swiss company Ciba creation process is easy to implement the Act , flame-retardant effect is remarkable ; drawback is the larger fabric strength loss , a greater impact on performance apparel . Proban France Aube Lai Yiwei Wilson Limited by British creation, the Act of fabric finishing , Fire resistant fabric effect is good , especially the treated fabric texture and strength retention is unmatched by any other finishing method , but this method is compared with the risk big , serious environmental pollution , thus promoting restricted.

Introduction of anti-static fabric

antistatic fabric is added in the weaving conductive fibers . Now domestic electronics, chemicals, petroleum and other industries on the static overalls growing demand , while the anti-static cloth requirements are also increasing , both requiring anti-static effect but also comfortable, beautiful, that is to achieve security and organic combination of fashion . Recently launched on the market in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, a twill plaid conductive fabric , ordering by growing more optimistic about sales prospects are expected . Warp and weft of the fabric with polyester FDY75D/72F (98% ingredients ) +70 D/30F Kanebo conductive yarn ( 2% Ingredients ) , weaving specification is 83 * 47 , and in the latitudinal distance incorporation antistatic special fiber , the use of Tigray twill ( 2/3 twill , 5mm grid ) organizations in the water jet loom woven , has been shrinking , alkali reduction , dyeing , stereotypes and other sophisticated processing technology . Its shade is good, feel good, easy to wrinkle, drape strong , easy to wash , anti-static performance is particularly strong protective clothing and other unique strengths to win the love of enterprise . Wrinkle -iron fabric conductive fabric is mainly used for the production of petrochemical , gas stations , gas stations , oil depots and tankers , scientific research, military, and aerospace and other fields of decorative anti-static fabric. Currently conductive fabric dyeing and weaving process and post-processing basically mature . Fabric width is 152cm, market tofo wholesale price is 5.50 yuan / m . Listed are the color white, brown, camel gray , dark blue and so on 20 kinds , rich colors in tune with fashion color trend exactly . UV protection fabric fabric conductive fabric on the market recently has become distinctive highlights one of the products , according to the seasons fabrics gram weight , and gradually formed a large perennial merchantability antistatic fabrics . Cation plaid satin. As people become increasingly consumer attitudes update on summer is very particular about the choice of fabric , both to light, soft , breathable, but also fashionable and trendy styles .

Retardant fabric range of applications

flame retardant fabric wide range of applications , the main purposes are:

1 , industrial textiles . Such as synthetic National Engineering Research Center has used its production Mianjin retardant fabric developed acupuncture cloth , filter media for 200 ℃ . Retardant polyester also produce other kinds of cloth ; retardant nonwovens ; rail , marine, automotive and transportation of goods with ports, terminals , warehouses used tarpaulins and coverings ; building roof ; various types of luggage fabrics.

2 , building decoration materials. National Engineering Research Center using synthetic flame retardant fabrics Mianjin

   Air textured yarn, fabric wall covering has produced a hotel and office furniture, decorative veneer . Also produce flame-retardant polyester carpets, curtains , furniture lining materials, such as mattresses, sofas lining material .

3 , vehicle interiors . Mianjin retardant fabrics can be produced aircraft , automotive, marine seat fabric , flame retardant polyester staple fiber but also for the automotive, aircraft other interior materials, such as roof it, car carpet , trunk liner and seat cushion . Currently in the country in addition to high-end cars , the vast majority of car upholstery fabric flame retardant material used neither , so car decoration materials will become a huge market for flame retardant fabrics .

4 , overalls. According to national standards retardant overalls , metallurgy , forestry, chemicals, petroleum, fire departments, fire-retardant protective clothing should be used . According to statistics, China should use flame-retardant overalls number over one million , flame retardant protective clothing market has great potential . In addition to the pure flame retardant polyester outside , according to the user's specific requirements , production of flame retardant , waterproof, oil repellent , anti-static fabrics, such as multifunction products. Mianjin retardant fabrics such as waterproof, oil repellent finishing , can improve the functionality of fire-retardant clothing ; using flame-retardant polyester and conductive fibers interwoven to produce flame-retardant anti-static fabrics ; using the flame retardant fiber blended with high-performance fibers interwoven to produce high-performance flame retardant fabrics ; using flame-retardant fiber and cotton , rayon and other fibers to improve protective clothing comfort, while reducing secondary burns natural resistance performance standards for comparison .

Retardant polyester fabric

flame retardant fabric , often by gas flame , condensed phase flame retardant and heat exchange disruption and other principles to achieve . In addition to used in industrial textiles , architectural decoration , vehicle decoration endures, but also used in metallurgy , forestry, chemicals, petroleum, fire departments, fire-retardant polyester protective clothing .
Polyester washable flame retardant finishing fabrics with polyester washable flame retardant finishing ATP finishing, finishing fabrics halogen , in line with environmental protection requirements , the main technical indicators in the international advanced level. Retardant finish fabric has good feel and appearance , with a washable, flame-retardant effect is excellent, non-toxic safety features. This product does not contain halogens , in line with environmental protection requirements , the main technical indicators in the international advanced level. Flame retardant polyester fabric index can reach the national standard B2 level and above . Washable up to 30 times or more.
Modified polyester fabric flame retardant finishing process is simple . However, if the amount is more flame retardants , the texture and color of the fabric greater impact . Retardant polyester fabric and nylon fabric flame retardant fabric finishing methods generally have the following three categories:
( A ) the design of imaging dyes flame retardants as adsorption -type structure , the use of finishing - stained a bath process .
( 2 ) with a hot melt method with great affinity flame retardant polyester fiber fixed to the fiber. This method is suitable for flame retardants narrow range, little effect on the texture , wash fastness.
( 3 ) dissolution retardant and easy to use , flame-retardant effect is good, for natural and chemical fiber fabrics and paper intolerance wash flame retardant finishing , but also for hotels, cars and other interior materials used in flame retardant finishing .

Polyester flame retardant fabric types

Retardant polyester fabric in the application of protective clothing : polyester flame retardant fabric, fluorescent retardant fabric, permanent flame retardant fabric ,  fire retardant canvas , flame retardant fabric, fire-retardant straight satin , three fire-retardant fabrics
Retardant polyester fabric with permanent flame resistance due to its very broad application prospects . It is understood that fire-retardant polyester wide range of applications , in addition to textiles, building decoration, interior decoration and other modes of transport play an irreplaceable role , also in the field of protective clothing plays a role in many , flame retardant fabrics the flame-retardant protective clothing has excellent resistance to washing performance , non-toxic tasteless non-irritating to human safety and reliability, breathable , soft, comfortable to wear.
According to national standards for flame-retardant protective clothing , metallurgy , forestry, chemicals, petroleum, fire departments should use polyester flame retardant protective clothing. According to statistics, China should use the number of fire-retardant protective clothing more than one million , flame retardant protective clothing market has great potential . In addition to flame retardant polyester fabric outside , according to the user's specific requirements , production of flame retardant , waterproof, oil repellent , antistatic multifunctional products. Such as flame-retardant polyester fabric waterproof, oil repellent finishing , can improve the functionality of fire-retardant clothing ;
Using fire-retardant polyester fabric with conductive fibers interwoven to produce an anti-static flame retardant fabrics ; utilize flame retardant fiber blended with high-performance fibers , can produce high-performance flame retardant fabrics ; using flame-retardant fiber and cotton , rayon and other fibers to improve the comfort of protective clothing , while reducing the secondary burns.

Anti-static overalls conservation

Packaging and Storage
In transit should be noted that the above must have antistatic fabric overalls covering not damage the packaging , to prevent the sun and exposure to high temperatures ; handling process strictly prohibited to use crochet drag .
 Antistatic overalls should be stored in dry and ventilated warehouse, to prevent spoilage or deterioration . Storage, more than 200mm off the ground and walls , leaving everything to heat more than 1m . Avoid direct sunlight, non- open place .
 Antistatic knitted wool packing , storage to be added the right amount of decay agent .
 Care and Maintenance
Antistatic overalls best use neutral detergent , do not wash with other clothing shuffling , using hand or washing machine soft wash program , in order to avoid conductive fiber breakage . Wash water temperature should be below 40 ℃ , rinse with water at room temperature . Washing time as short as possible , but must be rinsed thoroughly to remove residual detergent . Both flame retardant , anti- static overalls oil performance , do not use bleach , organic solvents decontamination.

Increase R & D retardant textiles

Unlike textiles and plastics materials , the requirements for flame retardant effect not only good, but also must meet textile processing technology, resistant to washing ( dry cleaning and washing ) , sun-resistant , non- droplet , low smoke emission , low toxicity, skin irritation , no smell, no moisture absorption , low price range requirements. In retardant textile research work, low smoke and low toxicity , inexpensive and efficient, had no effect on the original fiber properties for the current key research topics .

Single component retardant textile relatively easy to solve the problem , and the natural fiber and chemical droplet fusible fibers, interwoven fabric flammability stronger, which is due to heat fusion fiber case , one of the natural fibers are the same as the wick , the melt bulk liquid absorbing polymer to promote further decomposition and oxidation, combustion is more prosperous. As people used polyester / cotton blended products retardant technology is still a worldwide problem .

In order to fibers made ​​from natural ingredients , seaweed fiber has good flame resistance , up to 34% of its LOI , seaweed fibers from brown sea algae extract , our rich marine resources , some institutions are engaged in retardant textile fiber production with algae research . Without flame retardant to achieve the flame retardant fabric effect is the best way, but in the process , the manufacturing cost so much work needs to be done .

Retardant overalls requirements

Dress Precautions

1. Retardant overalls must be provided with GB4385 retardant wearing matching shoes.

2. Attach prohibited retardant clothing or wearing any metal objects. Tools should be required to carry a flame retardant, anti-spark function; Metal tool belt she should be placed in fire-retardant overalls prohibited within the exposed metal parts.

3. Prohibited in flammable and explosive places retardant overalls to wear off.

4. Strong electromagnetic environment in or near high voltage bare areas, not wearing flame resistant overalls.
Retardant overalls appears damaged, broken suture removal, mildew, conductive fibers break off, or has reached the required fire resistance rating washing time, should be scrapped. Using unit should use half of the period of use or store up period of up to one year retardant overalls sampling inspection, the detection of flame retardant products to lose the whole batch should be promptly discarded in order to ensure product conformity with

Measures to prevent the accumulation of flammable overalls

Measures to prevent the accumulation of flammable clothing, a certain way through the conductive object as soon as the combustible charge, it is dispersed or leak out. Therefore, the flame-retardant clothing should be selected with good conductive fiber fabrics, flame retardant fabrics currently used mainly in the following three kinds.

1 the effect of humidity using anti-flammable dependence. Finishing by an anti-flammable, which is added in the spinning hydrophilic polymer (surfactant), the fabric easy to absorb moisture from the air, reduce the sheet resistance, reducing the accumulation of flammable, combustible timely release of the body.

(2) the use of conductive fibers. The fiber material is added anti-flammable agents and carbon black particles to become conductive fibers by blending, and cross, cross knitting, weaving or embedded woven methods to improve the conductivity of the fiber or fabric, flame retardant fabric generated, zgm09zd achieve charge dissipation to prevent accumulation of flammable.

3 in the amount of fibers mixed metal fiber blended fabric, the kind of fabric, good stability, resistance to washing.

Special labor protection supplies are included in the directory of the "flame-retardant overalls," is to prevent the accumulation of flammable overalls, flame retardant fabric for the fabric while sewing, suitable for wearing a fire or explosion hazard. Retardant fabric used mainly in the textile production process, the substantially homogeneously mixed with other interval or the whole or parts of metal or a conductive organic material or a flame retardant synthetic fibers, or a mixture interwoven . Classification
Any use as overalls, fire and explosion hazards in the workplace wearing clean overalls, flame retardant overalls, fire retardant cardigans, are included in the scope of management safety signs.

Retardant overalls technical requirements including structural, flame retardant, high strength three aspects.
Overalls production structure directly affect the flame retardant effect, therefore, the structural design of fire-retardant overalls must ensure that:

1. Overalls generally not use metal attachments, you must use metal buttons, zippers, should strictly ensure that when wearing metal accessories are not directly exposed to avoid discharge sparks, fire, explosion.

2. Overalls should all use flame retardant fabric, do not use lining. You must use the lining (pocket, reinforced cloth, etc.), the exposed area should be less than full lining retardant clothing exposed area within less than 20%; winter clothes or other special requirements for flame-retardant clothing, lining exposed within the area over all retardant clothing exposed area of ​​20%, should be made of the mask with detachable lining.

Qualified retardant overalls, each product must be marked with manufacturer's name (or factory mark), site, product names, trademarks, shape specifications, product grade, date of production; Each package shall specify the number, the product name, number type, grade, production units, date of manufacture, together with the product instructions. The product specification shall be flame retardant grade level, A grade or B grade. Implementation of the special labor protection supplies safety signs, requested in the apparent position of Gasch durable special labor protection supplies safety signs.

Flame retardant properties overalls have some durability, so choose retardant overalls also need to pollution in the workplace determined by washing requirements, select the appropriate level of fire-retardant overalls. Retardant overalls for fire and explosion sites, so should normally choose to have flame retardant overalls performance for workers to provide more reliable protection. Operatives and similar types of work stations using fire-retardant overalls, should also have the effect of anti-oil. Cotton clothing made of the effect of preventing flammable, but not necessarily to achieve the required fire overalls single electric charge amount is less than 0.6μC clothing requirements, especially in the washing, due to the selection of detergents and other reasons, the effect which prevents flammable will decline, therefore, the choice of cotton fabric, flame retardant overalls, particularly in the northern dry areas, we must be careful.

The use of anti-static clothing and precautions

(1) all in normal circumstances, explosive gas mixture continuously, appears frequently short or long breaks and the presence of explosive gas mixtures are possible place, combustibles 0.25mj minimum ignition energy, the following should wear anti-static clothing.

(2) wear off in explosive areas prohibit anti-static clothing.

(3) prohibit the attachment of anti-static clothing or wearing any metal objects.

(4) wear anti-static clothing, you should also supporting the use of the anti-static shoes, but should also be a conductive ground floor.

(5) antistatic fabric clothing should be kept clean and maintain anti-static properties, after use with a soft brush, a soft cloth moistened with neutral detergent wash, do not damage clothing materials fibers.

(6) wearing a period of time to deal with anti-static clothing can be tested, if the anti-static performance does not meet the standard requirements, you can not prevent the use of static clothing

Insulating protective equipment knowledge

1, insulated boots, heel ordinary boots, shoes, what is the difference?

Insulated boots, heel ordinary boots, shoes, different in design, insulated boots, shoes in the structural design of insulating materials made of rubber strip around the insulating layer to form a sealed insulation system to protect the feet. Ordinary boots, shoes is different, Common boots, shoe outsole with an insulating foam material is not used, a low insulation prone to leaking. Some leakage currents up to 30mA current far beyond security, only electrically insulated footwear by performance testing, after passing the factory. This requirement is not ordinary footwear.

2, the insulating protective suits Why should remain dry state wear?

Insulating protective equipment worn in a dry state, the user must pay attention to a big problem, because the insulating protective equipment if they contain a certain amount of water, so that the insulation resistance value of the volume resistivity and the surface is greatly reduced. Water is a conductor, the presence of the water, the insulation performance of the insulator greatly reduced or even destruction. Because the water of atoms angle ∠ HOH = 105 ° generating performance has a strong ion-conductive electrode, and then a lot of impurities in the water with heat, light, electrical, chemical changes under the action of generated energy conductor, and damage the insulation performance, so insulating protective equipment to keep dry, can greatly improve the safety performance.

3, the insulation performance of insulating protective equipment most important indicators of what is good or bad?

Insulating protective equipment (insulated boots, shoes, gloves, etc.) worn primarily intended to prevent an electrical shock is caused by the human body through the current, so the protective properties of the insulator mainly depends on the quality of a certain voltage leakage current through which the size, if Leakage current is within the safe range of current values ​​is safe or unsafe. If a certain voltage is applied, although no cause breakdown, leakage current is too large, but also personal injury.

4, the insulating protective equipment Why should carry out preventive tests?

Preventive test, the power industry the strict rules to ensure personal safety foolproof. Some of the insulating protective equipment warranty period is relatively long, in such a long time, due to the aging effect caused by other conditions or storage change from the perspective of the user safety first before use preventive testing is a must. If you exceed three packs are insulated footwear can also be preventive test, after passing before use.

5, the test voltage with maximum use of what relationship?

Insulating protective equipment in the factory, by only a certain frequency AC voltage test, for example, used the occasion 5KV line voltage is 380V. The test voltage is to use a voltage 13.2-fold safety factor, but using different conditions and environment, countries are not the same. Reference to the United States empirical formula to determine the test voltage and the maximum use of relationships. According to the U.S. ASDTMD120-79 Recommended empirical formula: Maximum voltage = test voltage × 0.95-2000V

6, required to wear anti-static protective equipment environment, wearing anti-static protective equipment should also pay attention to what the future?

To anti-static environment is to prevent the flow of charge due to friction caused by the formation of the charge caused by electrostatic induction focused, high-voltage electrostatic discharge or cause harm. Wear anti-static protection products, can charge through timely manner to gather grounded anti-static products, but can not wear fur and other raw materials for underwear and socks, because they are insulated to prevent the body's electrostatic conductive ground. (Conductive shoes resistance value is not greater than 100KΩ-1000KΩ).

Fire retardant clothing and Development Strategy

Fireproof clothing is clothing worn by firefighters , must have good flame retardant and thermal protective performance , it can greatly reduce the extent of the fire burns in the body , increase in the fire to save the opportunity to save material , and thus retardant , separated thermal performance flame retardant protective clothing is essential for performance. Also in the flutter
Fire scene , high temperature, heat, firefighters volume of the activities , perspiration , such as the body's heat can not be dissipated easily lead to heat accumulation , reducing the resilience of firefighters , fire service so comfort is crucial the . Therefore , research and development both good flame retardant,
Have excellent insulation properties fireproof clothing comfort there is an existing social economic issues , there are broad prospects for development.
2 Flame Retardant Fabric
2.1 retardant fabric processing
flame retardant fabric processing , there are two methods: ( 1 ) adding chemical additives in the fiber or fabric flame retardant treatment , that is the adsorption deposition, chemical bonding , van der Waals forces or non- polar bonding role of the flame fixed to the fabric or yarn , to obtain a deodorizing antibacterial cloth flame retardant effect . ( 2 ) improve the thermal stability of the fiber-forming polymer : To improve the pyrolysis temperature of combustible gas generation inhibition , increased degree of carbonization , the fiber easily ignited , such as the introduction of the macromolecular chains in an aromatic ring or aromatic heterocyclic ring , linear macromolecules the reaction between the three-dimensional crosslinked structure becomes . The first method depends on the development of flame development and improvement process ; second approach is the development of high performance fibers and some linked. Next, flame retardants and some new fiber to be introduced.
2.1.1 is a flame retardant polymer materials can reduce the combustion properties of the material, is mainly used to reduce the flammability of materials in flames , slowing the speed of spread of flame , the flame so that the material can be removed after fast self-extinguishing , no smoldering . Many different types of flame retardants , the most commonly used flame retardants based on the periodic table of the first family of boron and aluminum Ó first Ô family of nitrogen, phosphorus, antimony , bismuth ; Ö family of sulfur ; first × family and some of the chlorine and bromine -based flame retardant elements of certain compounds . Furthermore magnesium, barium, zinc , tin , titanium, iron , zirconium and molybdenum compounds have a number of applications, and most of the organic phosphorus based flame retardant and bromine as the central element. By the presence of flame retardants in the polymer morphology can be divided into added
Type and reactive types . Flame retardant , a flame retardant when used, are dispersed in the polymer or coating the surface of the polymer , which does not react with the polymer , the mixture is physical dispersion . And the reaction is often used as a flame retardant component in the polymerization reaction , or can react with the polymer , a chemical bond between them , a flame retardant can be present in the long-term stability within the material and not leaking drain . Two kinds of flame retardants have advantages and disadvantages , flame retardant or inappropriate by repeated washing after washing , flame effect will be reduced, but its ease of use, wide applicability , quick ; reactive additives research, development requires a lot of money , manpower, material resources , and its results are often only involves a variety of flame retardant issues , the application range is small, so the use of more than additive . Choose flame retardant fibers and textiles due to the variety and characteristics of the different manufacturing process , requiring low toxicity , high efficiency, smoky small, and does not substantially reduce the principal textile fibers and wearability ( such as strength , feel , dyeability etc. ) , in addition to the use of flame retardants synergies choose a variety of flame retardant compound , can improve the flame-retardant effect , reducing the amount of flame retardants , reduce costs and avoid the deterioration of mechanical properties of the fiber , has great practical significance.
2.1.2 New flame retardant fiber fiber can be divided into congenital and additive . Congenital flame retardant fiber is the molecular structure of the fiber itself due to reasons, and is flame-retardant , which is characterized by : durable flame retardant , high thermal stability , good chemical resistance properties,
Regain high , comfortable and so on, these products tend to have higher prices , the following types of applications more permanent press fabrics crease-resistant fiber to be introduced. Meta- aramid fiber (Nomex), our country is called Aramid 1313 , is the United States in the 1960s DuPont invented and put into use , is a good high-temperature flame-retardant fiber , 200e can maintain the original strength about 80% , 260e 100 h under continuous use still maintain the original strength of 65% to 70% , and in the formation of the barrier between the body and clothes , reduce the heat transfer effect, providing protection , the ability of the majority of the role of acid , alkali the stability is also very good , because of its outstanding performance and broad market prospects , countries have carried out research and development, Teijin company began in the 1980s to produce the same product , and was named Te-ijincomex fiber , the current annual production of 3000 t; Ronaldo , France in the early 1990s the company started up Kermel fiber, annual production of about 600 t; BASF in the late 1990s in the United States put into Basosil fiber production is about 450 t. Polybenzimidazole fibers ( referred PBI), by the United States Air Mechanics Materials Laboratory (AFNL) developed in partnership with Celease another high-performance flame-retardant fiber , the fiber is made from isophthalic acid diphenyl ethers (DPIP) and four amino biphenyl, obtained by solid phase polymerization PBI polymer , and then spinning shape. PBI fibers do not burn in air , the limiting oxygen index of 40 , far more than Nomex (LOI value of 20 to 30 ) , in the long time exposure to the flame 600e , fiber shrinkage is only 10%. The fabric still intact , soft, good thermal stability of the fibers , 550e does not melt at high temperatures , do not smoke , do not release toxic gases, chemical resistance and good moisture regain of 15% , taking good , comfortable to wear. In addition, phenolic fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fiber microphone , pre-oxidized polyacrylonitrile fibers. The second category is the conventional synthetic fiber with flame retardant properties , such as flame-retardant polyester , flame retardant acrylic , etc., these fiber textile processing easy, inexpensive , at only require flame retardant fabrics in industrial applications , and as a high prices retardant, heat-resistant fiber compatibility fibers. Currently , high-performance flame retardant, heat-resistant fiber development and research is very active in the developed world , the United States , Japan, Europe and other countries, many special military services , has high temperature flame retardant Nomex and other apparel as active duty military uniforms . Of flame retardant overalls, heat-resistant fiber production , the species , the two categories have a pilot scale , but the product quality indicators unstable performance compared with other countries , there is a large gap between product development applications not wide , has not yet formed mass production.

How to choose the fabric flame retardant protective clothing

Select fireproof retardant protective clothing manufacturer , the supplier shall obtain inspection reports, test reports view product characteristics, production batch , production date , paste cloth-like ( for the products should be consistent with ) , and to obtain samples supplier material for future reference. Verify its quality , including check , see, touch , smell, try five steps:

◆ check check retardant protective clothing three anti-cloth inner , outer , all trademarks , special labor protection supplies safety signs are complete , accurate, with washing , maintenance, maintenance manual.

◆ Check to see the appearance of flame retardant fabric protective clothing should be no surface defects, breakage and suture defects. The structure shall be flame-retardant overalls collar, cuffs , hem three -tight to prevent sparks or hot kiss body splash , bodily injury. Ming pocket with flap should avoid accumulating a splash of metal or sparks. And stay for the heat vent should be in the armpit , back, hip medial prevent foreign objects to enter.
◆ touch good quality fire-retardant protective clothing feels softer feel , does not irritate the skin.
◆ some unqualified flame retardants olfactory some toxicity, and there is a certain smell. The flame-retardant protective bag obedience sniffing out , there should be no odor or irritating odor.
◆ Try multifunctional composite fabric flame retardant protective clothing, bags and ornaments, should not affect the normal work ; two try- off is easy, fast and should be able to quickly detachable .

Anti-static clothing Precautions for daily use

Antistatic overalls is a special labor protection supplies protective clothing, all in normal circumstances, an explosive gas mixture continuously, frequently appear short or long existing sites and explosive gas mixtures are possible places, combustible minimum ignition energy 0.25mj below, should wear anti-static clothing. While daily use should pay attention to the following points: 1, wear off in explosive areas prohibit antistatic fabric clothing; 2, anti-static clothing is prohibited to attach or wear any metal objects; 3, wearing anti-static clothing, they also should be supporting the use of anti-static shoes, but should also be a conductive ground floor; 4, anti-static clothing should be kept clean and maintain anti-static properties, after use with a soft brush, a soft cloth moistened with neutral detergent wash, do not damage clothing fibers ; 5, wearing a period of time to deal with anti-static clothing can be tested, if the anti-static performance does not meet the standard requirements, you can not use as an anti-static clothing.

Protective clothing for welding protective clothing

Welding Protective Fabric clothing classification: A-level application environment: the operator head and torso partial or total exposure to welding and top-down processes related operations falling droplet splashing environment, or operating personnel in the operating position or limited space can not effectively avoid the droplet spatter and arc radiation. Use: various overhead welding position, altitude or confined space operations open arc welding, flame cutting, blast furnace workers, carbon arc gouging and other exposure to high radiant heat, molten metal splashes, flames occasions. Class B environments: the operator body parts exposed to the process of welding and related operations generate droplet spatter and arc radiation environment. Using the occasion: A level required operating positions and the environment outside the open arc welding (except for automatic welding), flame cutting, carbon arc gouging and so on. C-level applications: welding or cutting process there is little or no flame or arc radiation, metal droplet splashing very little. Using the occasion: A, B grade specified in various welding and related work practices.

Basic introduction to fabric

Apparel made with fabric, fabric material is used to make clothing. As one of the three elements of clothing, fabric can not only interpret clothing style and features, but also directly about the clothing color, the shape of the performance results.
World in the clothing, the clothing fabrics varied, with each passing day. Generally speaking, however, high-quality, high-grade fabrics, mostly have comfortable, absorbent, breathable, keeps hanging, visual elegance, soft touch, and several other aspects of the characteristics.
Modern production in the formal social occasions wearing the clothing, more choice of high-quality blended fabrics. And cotton, wool, pure silk, hemp and other natural fabrics because it had easy to fold, easy to deform and other natural fabrics shortcomings, has become a general fabrics, less as a high-end clothing materials. Blended fabrics have a natural absorbent, protective suits, soft and comfortable characteristics, but also absorbed the strong durable synthetic fabric, hanging crisp, shiny bright colors, etc., every year a large number of high-quality blended fabrics have been developed. Sometimes, wearing clothing made of pure leather, is also permitted.
Fabric
General fabric into two series:
Woven Fabric: mainly used for clothing coat and shirt.
Knitted Fabric: mainly used for clothing underwear and sports clothing line, but due to the development of technology, but also to the heavy knitted fabrics, crisp development, gradually make the externalization of knitted underwear, knitted fabrics woven practices become coat supplement.

Woven fabrics

Weaving the yarn through the loom is organized into sets of strings each reel and a fabric process. This is also the knitted garments and woven garments fundamental difference.
Weaving method can be divided into two major categories of warp and weft, as safety shirts fabrics are mostly weft knitted fabric. Is one or more weft yarns fed by a weft knitting machine needle work, so that the yarn sequentially bent into a circle, and the sets of strings to be formed by weft knitted fabric. Such knitted fabric for weaving machines called weft knitting machine. The kind of weft yarn linear density and a greater flexibility, the production of the knitted fabric is very wide variety. A wide variety of weft knitted fabric, woven into a variety of organizations both within the coat with fabric, can be woven into a single piece of molding and forming part of the products, processes and machine weft of relatively simple structure, easy to operate, the machine productivity is relatively high, therefore, weft knitting industry in a larger proportion. Many types of weft knitting machine, generally to the number of needle bed, needles and needle bed forms and categories to distinguish. Warp consists of a group or several groups, respectively, are arranged parallel to the yarn on the knitting needles, while woven longitudinally. Such knitted fabric for weaving machines called warp knitting machine. General warp knit decoherence and extensibility than weft knitted fabric is small, its structure and shape stability, its use is also wider, with the exception of fabric used to produce clothing, but also produce mosquito nets, curtains, lace decorative fabrics, medical fabrics, etc., can also warp knitting machine with a needle bed knitting needles needle to make that distinction.

Safety protective equipment selection and use errors

Wear suitable protective equipment is to protect the safety and health of workers' lives and the last line of defense, the correct selection of the appropriate level of protective equipment can effectively prevent occupational poisoning and occupational diseases. The correct selection of labor protection products is to ensure workers' safety and health of the premise. Labor protective equipment used should adhere to the following principles:

    First, according to the national standard labor protection products selected

    National standards, "labor protective equipment selection rules" (GB11651-89) and national labor protection products with standards and regulations for the selection of labor protection products provide legal technical basis.

    Second, according to the relevant provisions of labor protection products to buy

     To ensure the quality of labor protection products, our special labor protection supplies of production under the production license, identification card and product safety certification and safety signs three-card system. Production of special labor protection supplies business, but also in accordance with the product on the basis of standard products for self, and issue product certification. Special labor protection supplies should be accepted in the factory where labor protection products quality supervision and inspection agencies sampling, inspection agency assigned by lot security identification card. And by special labor protection supplies safety signs management institutions, strictly examine and issue safety signs. At present, China has a helmet, gas mask filter mask, gas mask filter canisters, safety belts, welding mask, welding goggles, antistatic fabric conductive safety shoes, dust masks, protective toe safety shoes (boots), resistance burning protective clothing, safety nets, anti-shock eye goggles, safety boots rubber surface anti-smashing, anti-acid clothes, anti-static clothing, shoes, acid and alkali, anti-puncture shoes, insulation shoes, rubber shoes and other 19 kinds of low voltage insulated special labor protection Goods must be issued production license to produce and must be attached to a product "safe identification card." This is 19 kinds of optional protective equipment should see if there are "three cards" a sign, if not it is illegal products.

     Third, using the principles of deadlines and scrap

     Labor protection products to the workplace environment with the period of use, frequency of use of labor protection supplies, labor protection products, and many other factors inherent nature. According to the actual situation in some areas developed mandatory: If Shandong Province based on the operating environment, use of helmets for industrial enterprises is defined as the period of use: Metallurgical rolling mill slab job 36 months; cold job 48 months; coal operations, civil job 24 months; Geological pits jobs fitters, drillers, sampling work for 12 months.

    In general, life should consider the following three principles:

     1, corrosion

     Depending on the operation of the labor protective equipment worn operations can be divided into heavy corrosion, corrosion of corrosion and light jobs jobs. Corrosion reflect the operating environment and the types of usage.

     2, wear and tear

     According to the degree of protection reduces wear and tear can be divided into susceptible, medium and mandatory retirement by the loss. Care products by the loss of protective performance reflected the situation.

     3, durable performance

     According to the life cycle can be divided into durable, durable and non-durable medium. Durable performance reflects the material conditions of labor protection products, such as using high-temperature flame-retardant fabric made of flame-retardant protective clothing, fire retardant treated than fabric flame retardant protective clothing and durable. Durable performance reflects the comprehensive quality protective equipment.

Special protective equipment commonly used principles of life and scrap

A commonly used special protective equipment useful life

1, seat belt use period

Seatbelt use two years later, the situation should be sampling bulk purchaser once. If qualified, the batch can continue to use seat belts. For pumping tried transect, safety rope must be replaced before further use. Frequently used rope, should always do visual inspection, abnormal, should be immediately replaced with a new rope. The use of a string of 3 to 5 years.

2, anti-static and antistatic fabric shoes Precautions

(1) GB12014-89 "anti-static overalls" provides that: wear anti-static clothing must be specified with GB4385 matching wearing anti-static shoes.

(2) due to multiple washing, anti-static overalls antistatic properties will be reduced, so that the ambient temperature is high, labor-intensive, the number of frequent washing of enterprises to develop an appropriate period of use should be shorter.

(3) anti-static shoes wearing course, generally not more than 200 hours resistance test should be carried out once, such as failure, can not continue to use.

3, the electrical insulation shoes, period of use insulated gloves Precautions

Electrically insulating footwear include: electrical insulation shoes, canvas shoes, rubber surface shoes, plastic shoes four categories. According to the labor intensity of each unit, operating in different environments, develop a reasonable period of use. But note here the following: First, storage, from the factory more than 18 months, shall be carried out only by the electrical properties of preventive inspection; second is where the end to help the Department of corrosion damage, can no longer be electrically insulated shoes wear; three is to use at least every six months once electrical performance tests, such as failure can not continue to use. Insulated gloves period of use, the units can be made according to how frequently required, but must be requested prior to each use self-blowing, at least once every six months electrical performance tests, such as failure can not continue to use.

4, with hearing protectors Precautions

Hearing protectors including anti-noise earplugs, earmuffs anti-noise, anti-noise helmet. In general, anti-noise, anti-noise helmets best, not only noise deadening air conduction, bone conduction can reduce noise on the ear injury, should be used in high noise environments, earmuffs, followed by anti-noise performance, and the worst anti-noise earplugs in 1000 ~ 2000Hz band generally sound attenuation value of only 10 ~ 20dB.

Fire retardant clothing and routine repair and maintenance methods

A new flame resistant overalls needed before the first use to wash once.
2, and the washing temperature should be controlled at 60 º C or less, do not use boiling water. In guaranteed under the premise of clean, try to use a relatively low temperature, shrinkage control clothing to prevent fire retardant overalls shrink.
3, in the wash when you wish to use the fire-retardant overalls supermarket sales of household synthetic detergent, bio-synthetic detergent, PH value is preferably neutral. Avoid using strong oxidizing agents such as bleaching powder, sodium hypochlorite bleach products, avoid using fabric softener, these chemicals may diminish clothes flame retardant properties.
4, avoid the use of soap and soap powder.
Another point to note, after completing the washing retardant overalls to avoid direct sun exposure, may take the natural drying or machine drying, and drying temperature must be 70 ° C or less, when the clothes were still a little wet or dry immediately removed the clothes from the dryer to avoid excessive contraction of clothes. If you need ironing, the clothes still a little humid circumstances ironing as well. Cotton flame retardant overalls we can use dry cleaning, general commercial dry cleaners will not affect its flame retardant properties.

Retardant fabric has those features

Flame retardant fabric is the main features, but these features there is a limit in nature.
1 can use a variety of fabrics flame retardant treatment, flame retardant function and thus also closely related to physical and chemical properties of materials, although the use of different materials in the same fabric flame retardant, the flame retardant effect is also different and requires attention.
2 flame retardant does not mean burn, just extend the ignition time, such as the ignition point of the material reached after 20-30 seconds before the fire extended to fight off the ignition of clothing of the time, reduce the degree burns.
3 from the fire goes out, you need to look at the fire temperature and the air (oxygen), and in such a high-temperature environment, the length of time. Flame retardant effect exceeds its limit or could play a role in time, flame effect disappeared, no different from ordinary fabrics.
4 retardant, a flame retardant in a high temperature environment than design time or temperature, such performance is equally valid.
5 is not continued burning, need to look at the fire conditions and environment, if an adequate supply of oxygen to the fire, sweltering too high, continued burning the possibility still exists.
This is the civilian / commercial flame retardant conditions, special purpose such as: Fireman / Fire Equipment / Military equipment / Special Industrial equipped, etc., from the fabric material / Flammability class several levels higher than the civilian.
After a fire-retardant treatment of civilian fabrics, other functional fabrics with the same general.

Anti-static fabric processing methods

Antistatic fabric processing methods usually about several:
First, antistatic finishing agent for fabric finishing;
Second, in order to improve the fabric for the purpose of moisture grafted fibers, hydrophilic fibers blended and interwoven;
Third, blended or woven conductive fibers embedded; former mechanism of action are two types of methods to improve the fabric moisture regain, reducing insulation, accelerate static leakage.
So if in a dry environment or after repeated washing, processing effect or not durable or not significant, usually in ordinary clothing with fabric applications. The third method is only sustainable and efficient solution to the problem of static electricity textiles, it is widely used in the production of antistatic clothing. Antistatic finishing agent for fabric finishing. The antistatic fabric types and include: Antistatic silk (conductive silk) and antistatic clean fabric, anti-static TR fabric, CVC anti-static fabrics, cotton antistatic fabric) and so on.

Characteristic analysis of anti-static fabric

Textile materials, especially low hygroscopic polyester, acrylic, polyvinyl chloride and other synthetic fibers, specific resistance is generally high. Accordingly, in the textile process, the fibers with fibers or close contact with the parts and friction between the results of static electricity, resulting sliver hairy, increase in yarn hairiness, poor roll forming, fiber wrapped stick parts, yarn breaking head increases, as well as in the fabric surface to form dispersion of the shadow and so on.

Clothing charged, a large dust absorption, easy to stain, and clothing and the human body, clothing and apparel accompanying phenomenon also occurs wrapped or spark. Therefore, electrostatic interference, affecting the smooth processing, affect product quality and performance of fabric and so on. Static phenomenon is serious, static voltage up to several thousand volts, due to discharge sparks, causing a fire, resulting in serious consequences. Anti-static fabric is processed through antistatic fabric anti-static fabric at a temperature of 20 ± 5 ℃, humidity 30 to 40% of the environment, washed 100 times, fabric surface charge density averages ≤ 7.0μc/m2. Antistatic light silk fabric dyeing requirement is not sanded. Please try to control the oxygen bleaching agent at doses of 80%.

The process of antistatic fabric is usually about several: First, antistatic finishing agent for textile finishing; Second, in order to improve the fabric for the purpose of moisture grafted fibers, hydrophilic fibers blended and interwoven ; Third, blended or woven conductive fibers embedded; former mechanism of action are two types of methods to improve the fabric moisture regain, reducing insulation, accelerate static leakage. So if in a dry environment or after repeated washing, processing effect or not durable or not significant, usually in ordinary clothing with fabric applications. The third method is only sustainable and efficient solution to the problem of static electricity textiles, it is widely used in the production of anti-static clothing. Antistatic finishing agent for fabric finishing. The anti-static fabric types and include: Antistatic silk (conductive silk) and anti-static clean fabric, anti-static tc fabric, anti-static tr fabric, anti-static cvc fabric, anti-static cotton fabrics.

It is worth mentioning that the organic conductive fibers in the anti-static clothing fabrics and textiles ordinary civilian static elimination play an effective role, but compared with conventional textiles, textiles with conductive fiber static performance test, the validity and importance of Methods deteriorated significantly. Choose a reasonable test methods, the correct evaluation of static fabric with conductive fiber performance, in-depth study of organic conductive fiber processing technology, with conductive fiber textile production process, guiding the rational application of such textiles necessary basic work. We analyze our current standard test methods associated with conductive fiber textile antistatic performance test adaptability.

Anti-static clothing made of fabric to use more stainless steel fibers, Asia conductive fiber, anti-static synthetic and blended or mixed fabric, can automatically discharge corona discharge or leakage, clothing and body can eliminate charged, while for anti-static hats, socks, shoes. Among them, the anti-static overalls to prevent accumulation of static clothing, anti-static fabric for the fabric and sewing clothes. The antistatic fabric can prevent the clothes of static electricity accumulation in the textile, the substantially uniformly mixed intervals or conductive fibers of the fabric.

Permanent flame retardant fabric

Retardant fabrics are disposable and permanent two kinds of distinction.
Permanent flame retardant fabric is mainly used to make clothing, but once retardant fabric is used in decoration, curtains, cushions and so on.
Both the initial flame retardant properties without much difference, but after washing off the flame-retardant fabric flame retardant completely disappeared! Permanent flame retardant fiber woven fabric used, regardless of how many times the water, the flame retardant effect never change. In particular, the Department adopted retardant yarn polypropylene (Polyacrylic, commonly known as acrylic), a fire that is curled, carbonation, then left the fire extinguished, no droplet can not afford to smoke, does not produce secondary fires.