Fire retardant clothing and Development Strategy

Fireproof clothing is clothing worn by firefighters , must have good flame retardant and thermal protective performance , it can greatly reduce the extent of the fire burns in the body , increase in the fire to save the opportunity to save material , and thus retardant , separated thermal performance flame retardant protective clothing is essential for performance. Also in the flutter
Fire scene , high temperature, heat, firefighters volume of the activities , perspiration , such as the body's heat can not be dissipated easily lead to heat accumulation , reducing the resilience of firefighters , fire service so comfort is crucial the . Therefore , research and development both good flame retardant,
Have excellent insulation properties fireproof clothing comfort there is an existing social economic issues , there are broad prospects for development.
2 Flame Retardant Fabric
2.1 retardant fabric processing
flame retardant fabric processing , there are two methods: ( 1 ) adding chemical additives in the fiber or fabric flame retardant treatment , that is the adsorption deposition, chemical bonding , van der Waals forces or non- polar bonding role of the flame fixed to the fabric or yarn , to obtain a deodorizing antibacterial cloth flame retardant effect . ( 2 ) improve the thermal stability of the fiber-forming polymer : To improve the pyrolysis temperature of combustible gas generation inhibition , increased degree of carbonization , the fiber easily ignited , such as the introduction of the macromolecular chains in an aromatic ring or aromatic heterocyclic ring , linear macromolecules the reaction between the three-dimensional crosslinked structure becomes . The first method depends on the development of flame development and improvement process ; second approach is the development of high performance fibers and some linked. Next, flame retardants and some new fiber to be introduced.
2.1.1 is a flame retardant polymer materials can reduce the combustion properties of the material, is mainly used to reduce the flammability of materials in flames , slowing the speed of spread of flame , the flame so that the material can be removed after fast self-extinguishing , no smoldering . Many different types of flame retardants , the most commonly used flame retardants based on the periodic table of the first family of boron and aluminum Ó first Ô family of nitrogen, phosphorus, antimony , bismuth ; Ö family of sulfur ; first × family and some of the chlorine and bromine -based flame retardant elements of certain compounds . Furthermore magnesium, barium, zinc , tin , titanium, iron , zirconium and molybdenum compounds have a number of applications, and most of the organic phosphorus based flame retardant and bromine as the central element. By the presence of flame retardants in the polymer morphology can be divided into added
Type and reactive types . Flame retardant , a flame retardant when used, are dispersed in the polymer or coating the surface of the polymer , which does not react with the polymer , the mixture is physical dispersion . And the reaction is often used as a flame retardant component in the polymerization reaction , or can react with the polymer , a chemical bond between them , a flame retardant can be present in the long-term stability within the material and not leaking drain . Two kinds of flame retardants have advantages and disadvantages , flame retardant or inappropriate by repeated washing after washing , flame effect will be reduced, but its ease of use, wide applicability , quick ; reactive additives research, development requires a lot of money , manpower, material resources , and its results are often only involves a variety of flame retardant issues , the application range is small, so the use of more than additive . Choose flame retardant fibers and textiles due to the variety and characteristics of the different manufacturing process , requiring low toxicity , high efficiency, smoky small, and does not substantially reduce the principal textile fibers and wearability ( such as strength , feel , dyeability etc. ) , in addition to the use of flame retardants synergies choose a variety of flame retardant compound , can improve the flame-retardant effect , reducing the amount of flame retardants , reduce costs and avoid the deterioration of mechanical properties of the fiber , has great practical significance.
2.1.2 New flame retardant fiber fiber can be divided into congenital and additive . Congenital flame retardant fiber is the molecular structure of the fiber itself due to reasons, and is flame-retardant , which is characterized by : durable flame retardant , high thermal stability , good chemical resistance properties,
Regain high , comfortable and so on, these products tend to have higher prices , the following types of applications more permanent press fabrics crease-resistant fiber to be introduced. Meta- aramid fiber (Nomex), our country is called Aramid 1313 , is the United States in the 1960s DuPont invented and put into use , is a good high-temperature flame-retardant fiber , 200e can maintain the original strength about 80% , 260e 100 h under continuous use still maintain the original strength of 65% to 70% , and in the formation of the barrier between the body and clothes , reduce the heat transfer effect, providing protection , the ability of the majority of the role of acid , alkali the stability is also very good , because of its outstanding performance and broad market prospects , countries have carried out research and development, Teijin company began in the 1980s to produce the same product , and was named Te-ijincomex fiber , the current annual production of 3000 t; Ronaldo , France in the early 1990s the company started up Kermel fiber, annual production of about 600 t; BASF in the late 1990s in the United States put into Basosil fiber production is about 450 t. Polybenzimidazole fibers ( referred PBI), by the United States Air Mechanics Materials Laboratory (AFNL) developed in partnership with Celease another high-performance flame-retardant fiber , the fiber is made from isophthalic acid diphenyl ethers (DPIP) and four amino biphenyl, obtained by solid phase polymerization PBI polymer , and then spinning shape. PBI fibers do not burn in air , the limiting oxygen index of 40 , far more than Nomex (LOI value of 20 to 30 ) , in the long time exposure to the flame 600e , fiber shrinkage is only 10%. The fabric still intact , soft, good thermal stability of the fibers , 550e does not melt at high temperatures , do not smoke , do not release toxic gases, chemical resistance and good moisture regain of 15% , taking good , comfortable to wear. In addition, phenolic fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fiber microphone , pre-oxidized polyacrylonitrile fibers. The second category is the conventional synthetic fiber with flame retardant properties , such as flame-retardant polyester , flame retardant acrylic , etc., these fiber textile processing easy, inexpensive , at only require flame retardant fabrics in industrial applications , and as a high prices retardant, heat-resistant fiber compatibility fibers. Currently , high-performance flame retardant, heat-resistant fiber development and research is very active in the developed world , the United States , Japan, Europe and other countries, many special military services , has high temperature flame retardant Nomex and other apparel as active duty military uniforms . Of flame retardant overalls, heat-resistant fiber production , the species , the two categories have a pilot scale , but the product quality indicators unstable performance compared with other countries , there is a large gap between product development applications not wide , has not yet formed mass production.